Most men and women put on weight differently. But on what makes fat settle in a preferential way, there is little evidence.Scientists ascertained that
specific body shapes are:
android shape, or apple shape, common among men (fat deposits on
middle section of
body, mostly on
abdomen) and
gynoid, or pear shape, more common among women (fat deposited on hips and bottom). There is also
third type of body shape:
ovoid shape, not differentiating between men and women. With this type we can speak of an over-all general coverage of bodyfat.
Thinking of many cases of exceptions, I try to find out in what follows if there is a strict specific fat pattern distribution for men and women and what are
factors influencing fat distribution. And I find this interesting not in as much as
aesthetic side is concerned but from
health perspective.
Being overweight or underweight are characteristics depending on many factors: you are genetically overweight if you have a family history of overweight parents/relatives. Also,
nervous system plays an important role in balancing
body weight: serotonin and endorphins send signals to
brain that induce
need to eat or on
contrary. There is also
CCK hormone which transmits
brain signals on
state of satiety - it decreases hunger.
While generally, body weight is influenced genetically, hormonally and by
body maintenance condition (the activity routine), it seems that
fat distribution is influenced by age, genetic inheritance, race, but to a greater extent by gender specific hormones. They are responsible for
distribution of fat in certain zones of our bodies: thus, estrogens which are responsible of
typical female sexual characteristics will influence
fat deposition in
pear format, favouring its laying on
hips, thighs, and belly, while testosterone will "lead" fat mostly towards tummy and upper body.
Latest studies show that men's tendency towards
gynoid format has increased in
past 30 years (one study shows a growth of 2 inches in men's hips in
past 30 years). According to researches as John R. Lee, M.D (specialist in natural progesterone therapy), Dr. Jesse Hanley and Dr. Peter Eckhart, it seems that modern life exposes people to increased amounts of estrogen and estrogen-like substances (xenoestrogens or foreign estrogens). Sources of these substances can be plastics, plastic drinking bottles, commercially raised beef, chicken and pork, personal care products, pesticides, herbicides, birth control pills, spermacide, detergent, canned foods and lacquers. The problem is that increased estrogen levels in men not only make their hips fatten but are
main risk factor for disease such as prostate enlargement and cancer.
Also, for women,
android pattern fat distribution should raise questions with regard to hormonal imbalances, such situations being a potential cause for health problems such as polycystic ovary syndrome.